Chapter 8, Configuring the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
A fundamental concept of SNMP is the notion of object identifiers. An object identifier (OID) is a tag that allows a management entity to refer unambiguously to a particular object. Object identifiers are allocated in a tree fashion. The value of the object identifier is a sequence of integers that refer to a particular traversal of the object tree. Figure 8-1, ``Object identifier hierarchy'', shows a portion of the object identifier hierarchy. The root of the OID tree has no label. Currently, there are three children of the root, ccitt(0), iso(1), and joint-iso-ccitt(2). The ISO node has many children, one of which is org(3), which is allocated for international organizations. Under org(3) is the U.S. Department of Defense, dod(6), which has the child internet(1). The name { iso org dod internet } is a symbolic representation for the integer series 1.3.6.1. Both refer to the object identifier of the Internet subtree. In practice, 1.3.6.1 can simply be referred to as ``internet''. The terms { iso org dod internet }, 1.3.6.1, and internet are all different ways of identifying the same object. In SNMP PDUs, only the numeric sequences are used.
Figure 8-1 Object identifier hierarchy
To ensure that object identifiers are unique, each organization is responsible for a particular section of the OID tree. Just as ISO and CCITT have responsibility for their portions, the Internet Activities Board (IAB) has responsibility for the internet portion. To allow vendors to support objects that may not be defined in the standard MIB, the IAB reserves a portion of the OID tree for enterprises MIBs. This provides vendors with the flexibility they need. The SMI defines basic data types that make it convenient to describe managed objects. These types are: Integer, Octet_String, Object_Identifier, ipAddress, Counter, Gauge, TimeTicks, NetworkAddress, and Opaque. Readers who are interested in the precise semantics of these objects are encouraged to read the RFC for further information. See also:
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Additional Administrative Tasks
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
Addressing at the Data Link Layer
Advantages of Packet Switching
Assigning File-Level Permissions on an NTFS Partition
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Band Usage (Baseband or Broadband)
Characteristics of Transmission Media
Coax and Fire Code Classifications
Communications Devices and OSI
Comparing Contention and Token Passing
Configuring Network Adapter Cards
Connection-oriented and Connectionless Modes
Creating and Assigning Permissions to a Shared Folder on Windows NT
Defining a Network Adapter Card
Error and Flow Control at the Data Link Layer
Establishing Troubleshooting Connectivity and Communication
Exercise 1.1: Logging on as a Peer
Exercise 1.2: Windows NT Access Permissions
Exercise 1.3: Exploring the NT Workstation Service
Exercise 10.1: Network Adapter Resource Settings
Exercise 10.2: Windows NT Diagnostics
Exercise 11.1: Mapping a Network Drive
Exercise 12.1: Using Network Monitor
Exercise 12.2: Creating a Chart in Performance Monitor
Exercise 12.3: Performance Monitor Alerts, Logs, and Reports
Exercise 13.1: Modem Troubleshooter
Exercise 13.2: Windows NT Books Online
Exercise 2.1: Gateway Services for NetWare
Exercise 2.2: SLIP and PPP in Dial-Up Networking
Exercise 3.1: Shopping for Network Cabling
Exercise 4.1: Matching Topologies to Applications
Exercise 5.1: Installing Network Protocols in Windows NT
Exercise 5.2: Network Bindings
Exercise 6.1: Enabling IPX Routing
Exercise 7.1: Accessing an X.25 Network Through NT Dial-Up Networking
Exercise 8.1: Creating a User Account in Windows NT
Exercise 8.2: Creating Groups on Windows NT
Exercise 8.3: Sharing a Directory on a Windows NT FAT Partition
Exercise 8.4: Setting NTFS Permissions on a Shared Folder
Exercise 8.5: Sharing a Directory Using Share-Level Security
Exercise 8.6: Sharing a Directory Using User-Level Security
Exercise 8.7: Creating a Local Printer with Windows NT
Exercise 8.8: Sharing a Printer on the Network with Windows 95
Exercise 9.1: Exploring Windows NTs Disk Administrator
Extended LANs (Wireless Bridging)
Finding Resources on Microsoft Networks
Frequency-Division Multiplexing
Handling Other Network Problems
Hardware Access at the Data Link Layer
IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.5 Media
Implementing a Fault-Tolerant Design
Implementing Security on Windows 95
Implementing Security on Windows NT
Initiating the Troubleshooting Process
Installing Network Adapter Cards
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Managing and Securing a Microsoft Network
Managing User Accounts and Groups Using Windows NT
Narrow-Band Radio Transmission
Network Models: Comparing Server-Based and Peer-to-Peer Configurations
Network Topologies and Architectures
Networking Concepts and Components
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
OSI Application Layer Concepts
OSI Presentation Layer Concepts
Physical and Logical Topologies
Printer Sharing with Windows 95
Printer Sharing with Windows NT
Recovering from System Failure
Remote Terminal Emulation (TELNET)
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
Rules and the Communication Process
Security for Printer Resources
Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP) and Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
Session Layer Session Administration
Share-Level Security on Windows 95
Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP) Cable
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Spread-Spectrum Radio Transmission
Standards Organizations and the ISO
Summary of Cable Characteristics
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Transport Layer Connection Services
Troubleshooting Cables and Connectors
Troubleshooting Hubs and MSAUs
Troubleshooting Network Adapter Cards
Troubleshooting Network Performance
Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) Cable
User-Level Security on Windows 95
Virtual Circuit Packet Switching
Wireless Communications with LANs
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